.research-paper{--research-canvas:var(--m-surface);--research-surface:var(--m-surface);--research-ink:var(--m-ink-strong);--research-ink-2:var(--m-ink-mid);--research-ink-3:var(--m-ink-mid);--research-line:var(--m-line);--research-line-soft:var(--m-line-soft);--research-primary:var(--m-primary);--research-primary-ink:var(--m-primary-hov);--research-brass:var(--m-primary);background:var(--research-canvas);min-width:0;color:var(--research-ink);--lightningcss-light:initial;--lightningcss-dark: ;color-scheme:light}.research-progress{z-index:50;pointer-events:none;background:0 0;height:3px;position:fixed;inset:0 0 auto}.research-progress span{transform-origin:0;background:var(--research-primary);width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.research-cover{border-bottom:1px solid var(--research-line);padding:38px 0 46px}.research-breadcrumbs{color:var(--research-ink-3);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;margin-bottom:32px;font-size:13px;display:flex}.research-breadcrumbs a,.research-prose a{color:var(--research-primary-ink);overflow-wrap:anywhere;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:color-mix(in srgb, var(--research-primary) 35%, transparent);text-decoration-color:color-mix(in srgb, var(--research-primary) 35%, transparent);text-underline-offset:3px}.research-eyebrow,.research-facts>p,.research-toc>p,.research-citation-label{color:var(--research-primary-ink);font-family:var(--m-font-ui);letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;margin:0;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:600}.research-eyebrow{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}.research-eyebrow:before{background:var(--research-brass);content:"";width:24px;height:2px;margin:0 10px 3px 0;display:inline-block}.research-cover-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 250px;align-items:end;gap:72px;margin-top:18px;display:grid}.research-cover h1{max-width:900px;color:var(--research-ink);font-family:var(--m-font-ui);letter-spacing:0;text-wrap:balance;margin:0;font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,48px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.15}.research-standfirst{max-width:820px;color:var(--research-ink-2);margin:26px 0 0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.65}.research-facts{border-top:2px solid var(--research-primary-ink);padding-top:14px}.research-facts dl{grid-template-columns:72px minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px 10px;margin:16px 0 22px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.45;display:grid}.research-facts dt{color:var(--research-ink-3)}.research-facts dd{color:var(--research-ink-2);margin:0}.research-cite-action{background:var(--research-primary);min-height:42px;color:var(--m-primary-on);border-radius:999px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:0 18px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.research-topics{border-top:1px solid var(--research-line-soft);color:var(--research-ink-3);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 0;margin:34px 0 0;padding:20px 0 0;font-size:13px;list-style:none;display:flex}.research-topics li:not(:last-child):after{color:var(--research-brass);content:"·";margin:0 12px}.research-reading-grid{grid-template-columns:210px minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:58px;padding:48px 0 72px;display:grid}.research-toc{border-right:1px solid var(--research-line);max-height:calc(100vh - 48px);padding-right:18px;position:sticky;top:24px;overflow-y:auto}.research-toc ol,.research-toc-mobile ol{margin:16px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.research-toc li+li,.research-toc-mobile li+li{margin-top:7px}.research-toc a,.research-toc-mobile a{color:var(--research-ink-3);font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.35;text-decoration:none;display:block}.research-toc a[aria-current=location]{color:var(--research-primary);font-weight:700}.research-toc-mobile{display:none}.research-prose{min-width:0;max-width:900px;color:var(--research-ink-2);font-size:16px;line-height:1.78}.research-prose h2,.research-prose h3{color:var(--research-ink);letter-spacing:0;scroll-margin-top:28px}.research-prose h2{border-top:1px solid var(--research-line);font-family:var(--m-font-ui);margin:2.5em 0 .9em;padding-top:.85em;font-size:30px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.15}.research-prose>h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.research-prose h3{margin:2em 0 .65em;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.35}.research-prose p{margin:0 0 1.2em}.research-prose ul,.research-prose ol{margin:0 0 1.4em;padding-left:1.35em}.research-prose li+li{margin-top:.5em}.research-prose strong{color:var(--research-ink)}.research-prose blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--research-brass);color:var(--research-ink-2);margin:1.8em 0;padding:5px 0 5px 20px}.research-prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--research-line);margin:2.5em 0}.research-prose img{border:1px solid var(--research-line);background:var(--research-surface);width:100%;height:auto;margin:34px 0 12px;display:block}:is(.research-prose img+em,.research-prose p:has(>img)+p:has(>em:only-child)){color:var(--research-ink-3);font-size:13px;line-height:1.55}.research-external-icon{vertical-align:.08em;width:.78em;height:.78em;margin-left:.2em;display:inline}.research-table-wrap{border:1px solid var(--research-line);background:var(--research-surface);overscroll-behavior-inline:contain;max-width:100%;margin:24px 0 32px;overflow-x:auto}.research-table-wrap table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:680px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5}.research-table-wrap th,.research-table-wrap td{border-right:1px solid var(--research-line-soft);border-bottom:1px solid var(--research-line-soft);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:11px 13px}.research-table-wrap th{background:var(--m-surface-tint);color:var(--research-primary-ink);font-weight:700}.research-table-wrap th:first-child,.research-table-wrap td:first-child{z-index:1;background:var(--research-surface);min-width:150px;position:sticky;left:0}.research-table-wrap th:first-child{z-index:2;background:var(--m-surface-tint)}.research-citation{border:1px solid var(--research-line);background:var(--research-surface);margin-top:52px;padding:28px}.research-citation h2{border:0;margin:0 0 8px;padding:0}.research-citation>p{color:var(--research-ink-3);font-size:14px}.research-citation-block{border:1px solid var(--research-line-soft);background:var(--research-canvas);margin-top:14px;padding:16px;position:relative}.research-citation-block pre{color:var(--research-ink-2);font-family:var(--m-font-ui);white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-word;margin:10px 120px 0 0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;overflow:visible}.research-citation-block button{border:1px solid var(--research-line);background:var(--research-surface);min-height:36px;color:var(--research-primary-ink);border-radius:4px;align-items:center;gap:7px;padding:0 11px;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex;position:absolute;top:14px;right:14px}.research-citation-block button svg{width:14px;height:14px}.research-disclaimer{border-top:2px solid var(--research-ink);color:var(--research-ink-3);margin-top:28px;padding:20px 0 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65}.research-disclaimer strong{color:var(--research-ink)}.research-disclaimer p{margin:7px 0 0}@media (width<=899px){.research-cover-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:32px}.research-facts{max-width:420px}.research-reading-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);padding-top:34px}.research-toc{display:none}.research-toc-mobile{border-top:1px solid var(--research-line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--research-line);margin-top:26px;padding:14px 0;display:block}.research-toc-mobile summary{color:var(--research-primary-ink);cursor:pointer;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;list-style:none;display:flex}.research-toc-mobile summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.research-toc-mobile summary svg{width:17px;height:17px}.research-toc-mobile[open] summary svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}.research-toc-mobile ol{columns:2;column-gap:24px}.research-toc-mobile li{break-inside:avoid}}@media (width<=520px){.research-cover{padding-top:26px}.research-breadcrumbs{margin-bottom:24px}.research-cover h1{font-size:34px}.research-standfirst{font-size:16px}.research-toc-mobile ol{columns:1}.research-prose{font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.72}.research-prose h2{font-size:27px}.research-citation{padding:20px}.research-citation-block pre{margin-right:0;padding-top:42px}}.research-site{--m-bg:var(--m-surface)}.research-eyebrow:before{display:none}.research-facts{border:1px solid var(--m-line-soft);border-radius:var(--m-radius-lg);padding:var(--m-space-5)}.research-cover h1{letter-spacing:-.03em;text-wrap:initial}@media print{@page{margin:18mm 15mm 20mm}.research-paper,.research-cover,.research-reading-grid,.research-prose,.research-citation,.research-citation-block{color:#000!important;background:#fff!important}.research-cover{padding:0 0 12mm}.research-cover-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 52mm;gap:10mm}.research-cover h1{font-size:28pt;color:#000!important}.research-standfirst{font-size:12pt;color:#000!important}.research-reading-grid{padding:10mm 0 0;display:block}.research-prose{max-width:none;font-size:10pt;line-height:1.48}.research-prose h2{break-after:avoid;font-size:18pt;color:#000!important}.research-prose h3{break-after:avoid;font-size:13pt;color:#000!important}.research-table-wrap{border-color:#000;overflow:visible}.research-table-wrap table{table-layout:fixed;min-width:0;font-size:7pt}.research-table-wrap th,.research-table-wrap td{overflow-wrap:anywhere;border-color:#999;padding:4pt;position:static!important}.research-table-wrap thead{display:table-header-group}.research-prose img{object-fit:contain;border-color:#777;max-height:150mm}.research-citation{break-before:page;border-color:#000}.research-citation-block{break-inside:avoid;border-color:#777}.research-citation-block pre{margin-right:0;color:#000!important}.research-disclaimer{border-color:#000;color:#000!important}.research-breadcrumbs,.research-topics{color:#000!important}.research-paper a{color:#000!important;text-decoration:none!important}}